When considering a contact lens for myopia control, options include orthokeratology, myopia control soft contact lenses and multifocal soft contact lenses. In this case study, DK was seeking a suggestion for their 9-year-old patient for whom orthokeratology would be a difficult or unsuitable option due to high myopia. Here is the post.
What are the soft contact lens options?
1. Myopia Control Soft Contact Lenses
Both Mylo by mark'ennovy and MiSight by CooperVision are contact lenses that have been specifically designed and marketed for myopia control purposes. They are different to a 'multifocal' contact lens, although often termed similarly, because of their design. The table below provides a comparison on features.
It is important to note that that MiSight lenses are FDA-approved for the use for myopia control, the only contact lenses such designated.
| Features / Lens Type | Mylo | MiSight |
| Replacement schedule | Monthly | Daily disposable |
| Material | Silicone hydrogel | Hydrogel |
| Optical design | Extended Depth of Focus (EDOF) | ActivControl Technology - dual focus |
| Myopia control results | Reduced refractive progression by 0.25 to 0.34D (24-32%) and axial elongation by 0.12 to 0.17mm (22-32%) across 4 designs tested in a two year study.1 | Reduced refractive progression by 0.73D (59%) and axial elongation by 0.32mm (52%) over a three year study.2 |
2. Multifocal Soft Contact Lenses (MFCL)
Some multifocal soft contact lenses (MFCL), traditionally used for presbyopia, have shown efficacy for myopia control. A review of various MFCL designs found that they slowed myopia progression by a weighted average of 36% for refractive progression and 38% for axial length progression.3 It is presumed that the near addition surround the distance correction provides the peripheral myopic defocus on the retina to help in slowing myopia progression.3 Commercially available options include the CooperVision Proclear and Biofinity distance-centred MFCLs. In a study investigating the +2.00 Add, distance centred Proclear lens, in comparison to an historical single vision wearing contact lens control group, the MFCL showed a 0.52D (50%) reduction in refractive progression and a 0.12mm (29%) reduction in axial elongation over two years.4
This same lens design is now being investigated in both +1.50 and +2.50 Add, distance centred designs, in the Biofinity material, in comparison to a concurrent Biofinity single vision control group.3
Another option mentioned, which is being marketed for both presbyopia and myopia correction, is the Visioneering Technologies NaturalVue lens. This lens is described as 'extended depth of focus' and has been investigated for myopia control in one case series which showed a near halting of refractive progression when comparing a wearer to their previous progression rate, but did not feature a control group or measures of axial length.5
All of these options are spherical. As the child in this case has high astigmatism, these spherical contact lenses may not allow for good acuity. If these options are chosen, consideration is needed to prescribe spectacles to correct the astigmatic over-refraction, as suggested by commenters above.
3. Toric Multifocal Soft Contact Lenses
There are currently no studies on the efficacy of toric MFCLs for myopia control. However, extrapolating from the data we have on spherical options, one could surmise that toric MFCLs should be able to slow myopia progression where the designs are similar. The best example of this is the CooperVision D-centred toric MFCLs - Biofinity XR and Proclear XR - where the spherical versions have been studied for myopia control.4
Additional toric MFCL designs are available, although their spherical versions haven't been studied for myopia control. Availability will depend on your country of practice. The following custom-made designs include Relax Myopia by SwissLens, Saphir MF and Gentle 59 MF by mark'ennovy, and Duette MF by SynergEyes. These all feature silicone hydrogel material options, with the Duette MF being a hybrid lens with a rigid centre and a silicone hydrogel skirt.
Hydrogel versus silicone hydrogel material
The contact lens options above comprise both hydrogel and silicone hydrogel materials. Since the advent of silicone hydrogel lenses, these have become the first-choice material because of the superior oxygen permeability.
Hydrogel lenses have a low modulus that makes the lens softer and gives initial comfort to the wearer. It exhibits low inflammatory response, low infection risk and good wettability.6
Silicone hydrogel lenses have a higher modulus compared to hydrogel lenses. But they have higher oxygen permeability, which reduces the risk of hypoxia.
A comparison of daily disposable lenses made in hydrogel and silicone hydrogel materials showed that neither was superior for comfort, and both materials had low risk of adverse events.7 Other studies have shown no clinically significance difference in corneal swelling between hydrogel lens and silicone hydrogel lens wear.8,9 Therefore, it is safe to say that a patient wearing hydrogel lenses safely are not worse off than those wearing silicone hydrogel lenses.
Daily disposable versus monthly replacement
Between these two options, daily-disposable lenses have a lower risk of infection. To read more about infection rates, check out our blog Contact Lens Safety in Kids. The additional advantage of daily disposable contact lenses are related to patient experience. One study found that symptomatic reusable contact lens wearers, replacing their lenses at intervals of 1 to 4 weeks, showed significant improvements in both their symptoms and biomicroscopy signs of contact lens irritation when switched to daily disposables.10
The authors found that daily disposable wear was associated with less symptoms of tired and irritated eyes, blurred vision, redness, discomfort and dryness. Biomicroscopy signs of limbal and bulbar redness and conjunctival staining also improved.
Take Home Messages:
- Multiple soft contact lens options are avaiable for myopia control, from specific myopia control designs to multifocal soft contact lens options. It is important to evaluate the research evidence base for each option.
- There are no toric soft myopia control or multifocal contact lenses which have been investigated by research. In this case, the patient's need for astigmatic correction leads towards a toric MFCL or a spherical myopia control or MFCL with spectacles to correct the residual astigmatism.
- When selecting a lens option, the research indicates that the wearing performance of daily disposable hydrogel and silicone hydrogel lenses are equally good.
- Where possible, daily disposable lenses are the preferred choice for kids to minimise infection risk and maximize patient comfort and ocular health.
Read more about multifocal contact lenses for myopia control
Manufacturer specified indications for use
MiSight® 1 day (omafilcon A) soft (hydrophilic) contact lenses for daily wear are indicated for the correction of myopic ametropia and for slowing the progression of myopia in children with non-diseased eyes, who at the initiation of treatment are 8-12 years of age and have a refraction of -0.75 to -4.00 diopters (spherical equivalent) with ≤ 0.75 diopters of astigmatism. The lens is to be discarded after each removal.
About Connie
Connie Gan is a clinical optometrist from Kedah, Malaysia, who provides comprehensive vision care for children and runs the myopia management service in her clinical practice.
About Kimberley
Kimberley Ngu is a clinical optometrist from Perth, Australia, with experience in patient education programs, having practiced in both Australia and Singapore.
References:
- , , , , , , , , , & . Myopia control with novel central and peripheral plus contact lenses and extended depth of focus contact lenses: 2 year results from a randomised clinical trial. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2019; 39: 294–307. (link)
- Chamberlain P, Peixoto-de-Matos SC, Logan NS, Ngo C, Jones D, Young G. A 3-year Randomized Clinical Trial of MiSight Lenses for Myopia Control, Optom Vis Sci. 2019;96:556-567.(link)
- Walline JJ, Greiner KL, McVey ME, Jones-Jordan LA. Multifocal contact lens myopia control. Optom Vis Sci. 2013;90:1207-1214. (link)
- Walline JJ, Giannoni AG, Sinnott LT, Chandler MA, Huang J, Mutti DO, Jones-Jordan LA, Berntsen DA, BLINK Study Group. A randomized trial of soft multifocal contact lenses for myopia control: baseline data and methods. Optom Vis Sci. 2017;94(9):856-866. (link)
- Cooper J, O'Connor B, Watanabe R et al. Case Series Analysis of Myopic Progression Control With a Unique Extended Depth of Focus Multifocal Contact Lens. Eye Contact Lens. 2018;44:e16-24. (link)
- Efron N, Brennan NA, Chalmers RL, Jones L, Lau C, Morgan PB, Nichols JJ, Szczotka-Flynn LB, Willcox MD. Thirty years of ‘quiet eye’with etafilcon A contact lenses. Contact Lens Anterior Eye. 2020;43:285-297. (link)
- Diec J, Tilia D, Thomas V. Comparison of silicone hydrogel and hydrogel daily disposable contact lenses. Eye Contact Lens. 2018 Sep 1;44:S167-172.(link)
- Moezzi AM, Varikooty J, Schulze M, Ngo W, Lorenz KO, Boree D, Jones LW. Corneal swelling with cosmetic etafilcon a lenses versus no lens wear. Optom Vision Sci. 2016;93:619-628. (link)
- Szczotka-Flynn LB, Debanne S, Benetz BA, Wilson T, Brennan N. Daily wear contact lenses manufactured in etafilcon a are noninferior to two silicone hydrogel lens types with respect to hypoxic stress. Eye Contact Lens. 2018;44:190-199. (link)
- Fahmy M, Long B, Giles T, Wang CH. Comfort-enhanced daily disposable contact lens reduces symptoms among weekly/monthly wear patients. Eye Contact Lens. 2010;36:215-219. (link)
